Endocrine Abstracts

Objective: Intestinal barrier (IB) is one of the wider human body surface, whose integrity allows the uptake of nutrients also preserving from the entrance of harmful compounds. An increased permeability of IB, known as “leaky gut”, has been demonstrated in patients with intestinal inflammatory and/or autoimmune disorders as well as in patients with autoimmune diseases involving organs far from the intestine, as in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). The...

Objectives: Human CD3+CD20+ T cells represents 3-5% of circulating T cells and may be detected in all lymphatic organs and in the cerebrospinal fluid. In healthy individuals CD3+CD20+ T cells have been shown to produce higher levels of IL-17A and/or IFN-γ than those of CD3+CD20- T cells. Some reports described the role of CD3+CD20+ T cells in autoimmune disorders such as multiple scler...

Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) with in situ thyroid gland (GIS) and non-autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism (NASI) are functional defects of thyroid gland occurring at birth and after birth, respectively. In recent years, a higher incidence of these disorders has been documented. The etiology remains unclear, with only an almost 50% of cases attributable to mutations in known dyshormonogenesis-associated or TSH-receptor genes. Although replacement ther...

Background: In recent years, increasing cases of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) with in situ thyroid gland (GIS) are identified. Outcome of children affected from CH with normally sited thyroid of normal size is still unknown. The objective of our study is to describe the natural history of this specific form of CH.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated clinical, biochemical and instrumental data of 89 patients with diagnosis of CH and GIS, refer...

Objectives: Variations of gut microbiota composition have been described in patients with different thyroid disorders. The site of oral levothyroxine (T4) absorption is represented by the small intestine and it has been demonstrated that some bacterial strains possess enzymatic activity that may affect iodothyronine deconjugation, process probably involved in thyroid hormone enterohepatic recycling. The relationship between gut microflora composition and oral T4 requirement ha...

The presence and the role of CD20+ T cells in humans has been described in autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. In healthy subjects, CD3+CD20+ T cells are detected in all lymphatic organs and in the cerebrospinal fluid and represent about 5% of circulating T cells. Some reports described their production of high levels of IL-17A and/or IFN-γ. This study was aimed at investigating the behavior of CD3<sup...

Introduction: Lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) via lifestyle change or pharmacologic therapy can reduce the cardiovascular risk (CV) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the response to lipid-lowering interventions is not uniform and a significant proportion of T2D patients do not reach the recommended LDL-C target. Elucidating the factors associated with lipid goal attainment represents an unmet clinical need.Material and...

Background: HIV is associated with decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and decreased muscle mass. Osteoporosis and sarcopenia often co-exist and their onset is multifactorial. Sex steroids play a key role in the homeostasis of bone health and body composition in HIV-uninfected men, but data in MLWH are scanty.Aim: To investigate the frequency of low BMD and sarcopenia and their relationship with gonadal function in MLWH younger than 50.<p class="abs...

Background: In patients affected with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) a high prevalence of hypogonadism has been reported, even if there is no consensus on its metabolic and cardiovascular implications, especially according to the type of hypogonadism. The aim of this observational study is to evaluate: (1) the prevalence of different types of hypogonadism in T2DM according to validated criteria from the EMAS study; (2) look for correlations of gonadal status with severity or ...

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and insulin resistance (IR) in kidney cells are considered the main cause of end-stage renal failure. Additionally, hyperglycemia and increased fatty (FA) acids are observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, where lipid accumulation has been correlated to IR. Nonetheless, the impact of IR in early disease stages is still unclear. Moreover, proximal renal tubular cells have high mitochondrial content where aerobic respiration is their primary ...